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Eleventh Annual Report Of The Trustees Of The Perkins Institution And Massachusetts Asylum For The Blind

Creator: Samuel Gridley Howe (author)
Date: 1843
Source: Perkins School for the Blind

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There is more fear of her becoming vain, for it is almost impossible to prevent her receiving such attentions and such caresses as directly address her self-esteem. Some persons only feel, they never think; and they do a benevolent action to gratify some spontaneous impulse of their own, or to give momentary pleasure to another, rather than to promote his real welfare; and even some mothers seem to think more of the pleasurable gratification of their own blind feelings of attachment, than of the good of their children. Such persons, coming in contact with Laura, will contrive in some way by caresses, or by gifts, to show their peculiar interest in her. She is very sagacious; she ascertains that such visitors to the school are more interested in her than in her blind companions; and that they remain near her most of the time. It is difficult to prevent them making her presents, and in various ways showing her marks of sympathy which she may attribute to some peculiar excellence of her own. Then she must be allowed to visit, to have acquaintances, and to converse with all people who come in her way and who have learned the manual alphabet of deaf-mutes; in short, to run the risk of the disadvantages of society, in order to secure its obvious and indispensable advantages; and it will require constant care and vigilance to prevent her perceiving herself to be a lion, than which hardly a greater misfortune can befall a woman. That she has been so effectually preserved from this thus far is owing to the watchful care and almost constant attendance of her teachers; and now that by the liberality of individuals she has the entire time and services of a young lady of great intelligence who is devotedly attached to her, it is to be hoped that she may long preserve her present amiable simplicity of character.

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The various attempts which I have made during the year to lead her thoughts to God, and spiritual affairs, have been, for the most part, forced upon me by her questions, which I am sure were prompted by expressions dropped carelessly by others; as God, Heaven, Soul, &c., and about which she would afterwards ask me. Whenever I have deliberately entered upon them, I have done so with caution, and always felt obliged by a sense of duty to the child to make the conversations as short as possible. The most painful part of one's duty is often where an honest conviction forces one to pursue a line of conduct diametrically opposite to that recommended by those for whose superior talents and wisdom one has the greatest respect. It is said continually, that this child should be instructed in the doctrines of revealed religion; and some even seem to imagine her eternal welfare will be periled by her remaining in ignorance of religious truths. I am aware of the high responsibility of the charge of a soul; and the mother who bore her can hardly feel a deeper interest in Laura's welfare than I do; but that very sense of responsibility to God, and that love which I bear to the child, forces me, after seeking for all light from others, finally to rely upon my own judgment. It is not to be doubted that she could be taught any dogma or creed, and be made to give as edifying answers, as are recorded of many other wonderful children, to questions on spiritual subjects. But as I can see no necessary connexion between a moral and religious life and the intellectual perception of a particular truth, or belief in a particular creed, I see not why I should anticipate what seems to me the course of nature in developing the mental powers. Unaided by any precedent for this case, one can look only to the book of nature; and that seems to teach that we should prepare the soul for loving and worshipping God, by developing its powers, and making it acquainted with his wonderful and benevolent works, before we lay down rules of blind obedience.

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Should Laura's life be spared, it is certain that she can be made to understand every religious truth that it may be desirable to teach her. Should she die young, there can be no doubt that she will be taken to the bosom of that Father in Heaven, to whom she is every day paying acceptable tribute of thanksgiving and praise, by her glad enjoyment of the gift of existence. With these views, while I am ready to improve every opportunity of giving what she seems to need, I cannot consent to attempt to impart a knowledge of any truth for which her mind is not prepared; and I would take this opportunity to beseech those friends of hers, who differ from me, and who may occasionally converse with her, to reflect, that while the whole responsibility of the case rests upon me, it is unjust in them to do, -- what they may easily do, -- instill into her mind notions which might derange the whole plan of her instruction.

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The following conversation, taken from my minutes made at the time, will give an idea of the course of her thoughts on spiritual subjects. During the past year, one of our pupils died, after a severe illness, which caused much anxiety in our household. Laura, of course, knew of it, and her inquiries after him were as frequent and as correct as those of any one. After his death, I proceeded to break it to her. I asked her if she knew that little Orin was very sick. She said yes. He was very ill yesterday forenoon, said I, and I knew he could not live long. At this she looked much distressed, and seemed to ponder upon it deeply. I paused awhile, and then told her that "Orin died last night." At the word died, she seemed to shrink within herself, -- there was a contraction of the hands, -- a half spasm, and her countenance indicated not exactly grief, but rather pain and amazement; her lips quivered, and then she seemed about to cry, but restrained her tears. She had known something of death before; she had lost friends, and she knew about dead animals, but this was the only case which had occurred in the house. She asked about death, and I said "when you are asleep does your body feel?" "No I am very asleep." Why? "I do not know;" I tried to explain, and used the word soul; she said "what is soul?" that which thinks, and feels, and hopes, and loves, said I, to which she added interrogatively, "and aches?" Here I was perplexed at the threshold, by her inquiring spirit seizing upon and confounding material and immaterial processes. I tried to explain to her that any injury of the body was perceived by the soul; but I was clearly beyond her depth, although she was all eagerness to go on. I think I made her comprehend the difference between material and spiritual operations. After a while she asked, "where is Orin's think? " It has left his body and gone away? "Where?" To God in will . She replied, "where? up? " -pointing up.- Yes! "Will it come back?" No! "Why" said she. Because his body was very sick and died, and soul cannot stay in a dead body. After a minute she said, "is breath dead? is blood dead? your horse died, where is his soul?" I was obliged to give the very unsatisfactory answer that animals have no souls." She said "cat does kill a mouse, why? has she got soul?" Ans: "animals do not know about souls, they do not think like us." At this moment a fly alighted upon her hand, and she said, "have flies souls?" I said no. "Why did not God give them souls? " Alas for the Poverty of her language, I could hardly make her understand how much of life and happiness God bestows even upon a little fly!

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